Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 University of Technology - Department of Architecture/ Iraq - Baghdad
2 Ministry of Construction and Housing - Directorate General of Urban Planning/ Iraq - Baghdad
Abstract
Abstract
The growing demand to energy impacted negatively on environment as result of burning fossil fuel, and because buildings are main energy consumer, studies have been called towards creating efficient buildings, In which digital simulation technology, presented with designer to select efficient design solutions, which is uneasy task, due to the large number of models to be evaluated by simulation, consuming time and effort, due to large number of design variables interacting and conflicting in influence. Limiting the effectiveness of (traditional computer simulation approach). And Emersion (genetic algorithm approach) as an effective alternative to assess and optimize design, by automated steps for exchanging design variables between efficient models and produce more efficient new models, away similar to genetic evolution of organisms. But, lake of what and how to adopting this approach limited its use in local architectural researches and practices, Highlighting a problem: "Lack of cognitive clarity about the genetic algorithms approach in creating high-efficiency domestic compared to traditional approach”, aiming to “determining the nature of the genetic algorithm approach and its application to create accurate and high efficiency domestic designs in less time and effort comparing to the traditional approach”. Research methodology was reviewing genetic algorithm mechanism in solving design problems, making a comparison between traditional simulation approach and genetic algorithm approach on virtual model within local environment, determining the most efficient approach which balances characteristics (windows to wall ratio) and (perfect orientation) to provide the highest rates of natural lighting with minimum solar thermal gain, as well as the time it takes to complete the work according to each of the two approaches. Reaching a number of conclusions about effectiveness to adopt genetic algorithm approach in terms of time reduction and results accuracy compared to the traditional approach.
المستخلص: ولد تزاید الطلب على الطاقة الى تأثیرات سلبیة على البیئة نتیجة حرق الوقود الاحفوری، ولکون المبانی المستھلک الرئیس للطاقة، فقد دعی لإجراء الدراسات من اجل إنشاء مبانی کفؤة فی الاستھلاک، فکانت التکنولوجیا متمثلة بالأدوات الرقمیة للمحاکاة، حاضرة مع المصمم فی انتخاب الحلول التصمیمیة لتحقیق ھدف الوصول للتصمیم الاکفأ. وھو لیس بالأمر السھل، فی ظل صعوبات کم النماذج ذات الخصائص التصمیمیة المتعارضة التأثیر فیما بینھا، الواجب محاکاتھا وتقییمھا، بجھد ووقت کبیرین. ھی الأسباب التی حدت من فاعلیة تطبیق (منھج المحاکاة الحاسوبیة خصوصا للمشاریع الکبیرة، لیبرز (منھج الخوارزمیة الجینیة) کبدیل فعال لتقییم ً التقلیدی) التصامیم وتحسینھا، بخطوات آلیة لتبادل المتغیرات التصمیمیة بین النماذج الکفؤة وانتاج نماذج أکثر کفاءة بخطوات مماثلة لخطوات التطور الجینی للکائنات الحیة. الا ان ضعف الاغناء المعرفی ً المرتبطة لآلیة تطبیق ھذا المنھج غیبھ فی البحوث والممارسات المعماریة المحلیة، خصوصا بمجال البیئة، لتبرز المشکلة البحثیة: "ضعف الوضوح المعرفی عن طبیعة منھج الخوارزمیات الجینیة فی انشاء نماذج ذات حلول تصمیمیة عالیة الکفاءة مقارنة بالمنھج التقلیدی ضمن الواقع المحلی"، لیتحدد ھدف البحث: "الکشف عن طبیعة منھج الخوارزمیة الجینیة وتطبیقھ لإنشاء حلول تصمیمیة محلیة ذات کفاءة عالیة بأقل وقت وجھد مقارنة بالمنھج التقلیدی". اعتمد البحث منھج الکشف عن الآلیة التطبیقیة للخوارزمیة الجینیة فی حل المشکلات التصمیمیة وانشاء مقارنة بین تطبیق (منھج المحاکاة الحاسوبیة التقلیدی) ومنھج (الخوارزمیة الجینیة فی المحاکاة) على أنموذج افتراضی لفضاء معماری ضمن البیئة المحلیة، لتحدید المنھج الاکفأ لإنشاء تصمیم یحقق التوازن بین الخصائص التصمیمیة من حیث (نسبة مساحة الشباک الى مساحة الجدار) و(اختیار التوجیھ الامثل) بما یضمن توفیر اعلى معدلات للإضاءة الطبیعیة وبأقل مقدار للکسب الحراری الشمسی داخل الفضاء، ومقارنة الوقت المستغرق لإنجاز العمل على وفق کلا المنھجین. لیتوصل البحث الى عدد من الاستنتاجات تمحورت حول کفاءة اعتماد منھج الخوارزمیة الجینیة من حیث اختصار الوقت ودقة النتائج مقارنة بالمنھج التقلیدی.
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